Galaxy Notes 1.6.12
Definition: an assembly of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravitational attraction.
Clusters: galaxies that travel together
3 main types:
-Spiral
-Elliptical
-Irregular
Spiral Galaxy
-the galaxy we live in
-characterized by a bulge at the center and spiral arms
-spiral shape is caused by the rotation of the galaxy
Irregular Galaxy
-collision between two galaxies
-galaxies that do not fit into any other class
-as their name indicates they have irregular shape
Elliptical Galaxy
-older galaxies
-characterized by very bright centers and very little gas and dust
-appear elongated or spherical and are basically massive blobs of stars
-composed of mostly old stars
Nebula- Star "Birth"
-Latin for cloud
-giant clouds of gas and dust
-where new stars are formed
-found in spiral galaxies
-not found in elliptical galaxies
Stars
-Classified by their
-size
-Giant Stars (larger than our Sun)
-White Dwarf (size of Earth)
-Neutron Stars (20 km in diameter)
-temperature
-determined by the color of the star
-brightness
Clusters: galaxies that travel together
3 main types:
-Spiral
-Elliptical
-Irregular
Spiral Galaxy
-the galaxy we live in
-characterized by a bulge at the center and spiral arms
-spiral shape is caused by the rotation of the galaxy
Irregular Galaxy
-collision between two galaxies
-galaxies that do not fit into any other class
-as their name indicates they have irregular shape
Elliptical Galaxy
-older galaxies
-characterized by very bright centers and very little gas and dust
-appear elongated or spherical and are basically massive blobs of stars
-composed of mostly old stars
Nebula- Star "Birth"
-Latin for cloud
-giant clouds of gas and dust
-where new stars are formed
-found in spiral galaxies
-not found in elliptical galaxies
Stars
-Classified by their
-size
-Giant Stars (larger than our Sun)
-White Dwarf (size of Earth)
-Neutron Stars (20 km in diameter)
-temperature
-determined by the color of the star
-brightness
The Hertzsprung Russell Diagram
-(H-R) is a graph showing the relationship between a star’s surface temperature and its absolute magnitude
lGiant Stars (larger than our Sun) lWhite Dwarf (size of Earth) lNeutron Stars (20 km in diameter)
The Universe
-All of space and the matter it contains-Most of the universe is empty space.
Big Bang Theory
-one theory of the formation of the Universe
-states that the universe began with a tremendous explosion
-Galaxies are moving further apart from one another
-Red Shift as stars move away from us the wavelengths of light increase
-Wavelengths of light are shifted toward the red end of the spectrum
-What would happen if light from a star showed a blue shift?
-All of space and the matter it contains-Most of the universe is empty space.
Big Bang Theory
-one theory of the formation of the Universe
-states that the universe began with a tremendous explosion
-Galaxies are moving further apart from one another
-Red Shift as stars move away from us the wavelengths of light increase
-Wavelengths of light are shifted toward the red end of the spectrum
-What would happen if light from a star showed a blue shift?